4how2

Category: Global South

  • Global South Multipolarity and the Drift into Negotiated Instability

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    Mu’ah
    in

    Global South multipolarity is often described as a decisive shift in world order, yet the reality is less coherent and far more constrained. States across Asia, Africa, and Latin America are not acting as a unified bloc but responding to pressure, opportunity, and necessity. Where analysts see strategy, there is often adaptation; where they see…

  • Social Contract Breakdown: When Systems Fail the People

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    Mu’ah
    in

    The concept of a social contract breakdown helps explain why trust in institutions is eroding across society. When systems fail to provide opportunity, security, and fairness, individuals begin to disengage from the rules that once held communities together. Rising unemployment, economic pressure, and weak enforcement all contribute to a growing sense that the system no…

  • US Coercion Failure in Latin America: Time, Power, and Resistance

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    Mu’ah
    in

    US coercion failure in Latin America is not a story of weak pressure or strong resistance, but of structural mismatch. For decades, the United States has deployed sanctions, isolation, and intervention to force political change in states like Cuba, Venezuela, and Nicaragua. Yet transformation remains elusive. This blog argues that coercion fails when political time…

  • U.S. Economic Sanctions Effectiveness: Power, Harm, and Political Convenience

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    Mu’ah
    in

    U.S. economic sanctions’ effectiveness is often framed as a humane alternative to war, promising pressure without destruction. Yet the historical record suggests a more complex reality. Across cases like Iraq, Iran, Venezuela, and Cuba, sanctions have produced widespread economic disruption and civilian hardship while delivering limited political change. This raises a critical question: do sanctions…

  • CIA Covert Operations in Latin America Explained

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    Mu’ah
    in

    CIA covert operations in Latin America followed a consistent strategic pattern across decades, shaping political outcomes in ways that extended far beyond individual events. From Guatemala in 1954 to Chile in 1973 and Nicaragua in the 1980s, the same core methods appeared: psychological warfare, economic pressure, media manipulation, and support for local military actors. These…

  • Monroe Doctrine 2026: Imperialism by Other Means

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    Mu’ah
    in ,

    The Monroe Doctrine 2026 is often treated as a relic of nineteenth-century diplomacy, yet its logic continues to shape power in the Western Hemisphere. No longer enforced through overt intervention, it operates through financial systems, sanctions, and institutional influence that constrain the choices of Latin American states. This shift from direct control to indirect pressure…

  • US Military Intervention in Venezuela 2026

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    Mu’ah
    in ,

    US military intervention in Venezuela in 2026 raises questions about law, drugs, power, and sovereignty. On 3 January 2026, the United States carried out its most dramatic military intervention in Latin America in a generation. In an operation authorized directly by President Donald Trump, U.S. forces launched coordinated air and ground actions across Venezuela, involving…

  • The Resurgent Right in South America

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    Mu’ah
    in ,

    The resurgent right in South America marks a conservative wave driven by insecurity and stagnation Between 2023 and late 2025, South America experienced a marked political realignment, widely described by international media as a “resurgent right” or “conservative wave.” The elections of Javier Milei in Argentina, Santiago Peña in Paraguay, Daniel Noboa in Ecuador, Rodrigo…

  • China’s September 3, 2025, Military Parade

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    Mu’ah
    in

    China’s grand 2025 parade marked the end of WWII—history, power, and global ambition on full display. On September 3, 2025, the streets of Beijing resonated with the rhythmic cadence of marching boots and the thunderous roar of military hardware. In a grandiose display held on Chang’an Avenue before Tiananmen Gate, the People’s Republic of China…

  • Economic Sovereignty in the Global South: Navigating Western Dominance and Neoliberalism

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    Mu’ah
    in

    Economic sovereignty remains a critical aspiration for the Global South, as nations strive to break free from Western dominance and the constraints of neoliberalism in an increasingly multipolar world. The global economy, as it stands in 2025, is a meticulously engineered system designed to perpetuate the dependency of most nations, particularly those in the Global…